Gambling is an activity where people stake something valuable in return for the chance of winning more. It can take many forms, from sports betting to horse racing to the lottery to online gambling. But it always involves risk and an element of uncertainty.
Most governments regulate gambling, and there are significant tax revenue benefits for countries that do. However, unlicensed, illegal and offshore gambling presents a major challenge to government revenue collection and harm reduction efforts. In addition, gambling advertising and promotion is often based on “dark nudges” that exploit cognitive biases to normalize the consumption of harmful products and services.
Despite the high levels of harm associated with gambling, treatment for gambling disorder has a low uptake rate and is hampered by stigma and shame. Furthermore, a typical problem gambler affects six others (either family members or friends), making it difficult to identify and reach out for help.
People may gamble for a variety of reasons, including the desire to experience feelings of euphoria and social connection. In addition, some people may use gambling as a way to manage stressors in their lives. Regardless of the motive, most gamblers will experience some form of harm. Common problems include: